B+

Jia Zhangke reconfigures his past films into poignant collage in Caught By The Tides

A strange yet moving hybrid of outtakes, behind-the-scenes moments, and new footage.

Jia Zhangke reconfigures his past films into poignant collage in Caught By The Tides

Chinese writer-director Jia Zhangke emerged on the international scene at the beginning of the century as a chronicler of China’s uncertain present. Platform, his first masterpiece, followed a small-town performing arts troupe in his home province of Shanxi in the years after the Cultural Revolution. The World was set around a Beijing theme park where guests come to see scale models of foreign landmarks like the Eiffel Tower and the Taj Mahal. Still Life told connected stories about two people who come to look for their missing spouses in a small town that is being flooded by the Three Gorges Dam. Each film was a lyrical microcosm of social changes and contradictions, landscapes and unspoken longings, subtleties and absurdities, generational questions and millennial anxieties. But more broadly, they were about the more or less universal, poetically interchangeable subjects of distance and time, with their attendant rhymes, disappointments, and ironies.

Now well into middle age, with the backdrops of his own breakthrough films fading into China’s past, Jia has, perhaps unsurprisingly, made this into an increasingly self-reflexive theme. He has, at least in this respect, never completely left the late 1990s and early 2000s, re-conjuring the period in post-millennial features like Mountains May Depart and Ash Is Purest White (both of which tell stories set over multiple decades), the ennui replaced by a mix of melancholy and nostalgia. Caught By The Tides, which is his first narrative feature in seven years, turns out to be his most idiosyncratic variation to date on this idea: a strange hybrid fashioned out of footage and outtakes from Jia’s own films (mostly Still Life and his third feature, Unknown Pleasures), decades-old documentary video, and newly shot scenes. 

It is, of course, not unusual for master filmmakers of a certain age to rework their earlier material or revisit their greatest hits. But what Jia is doing here—combining and reinterpreting scenes from different movies that starred the same actors as unrelated characters into a single overarching plot—is, in its own unassuming ways, an unprecedented experiment in collage. Given that much of the footage that makes up Caught By The Tides was intended for other projects, one might even call it an unconscious production, born of the long-running currents and repetitions of its director’s three-decade-plus career, its story a dreamlike reconfiguration of earlier Jia plots. 

It goes without saying that much of it will feel familiar to those already well-versed in the Jia filmography: there’s a yearning, a search, and, finally, a return. Like so many of his films, Caught By The Tides is broken up into parts, beginning in Datong, a coal-mining city in the northern corner of Shanxi that was the setting of Unknown Pleasures. A lot of this elliptical first section consists of his own video footage from the early 2000s, a document of the turn of the century in standard-def. Young people carouse and dance at cheesy nightclubs to inane Europop while baggy-eyed retirees in identical jackets and caps congregate at a decrepit miners’ hall to hear local women warble opera under a decaying portrait of Chairman Mao and a sign that promises “A Taste of the World’s Beauty.” 

It’s (literally) vintage Jia, alternating between glacially panning wide shots and handheld with an eye for bizarre detail. (One memorable moment involves a nightclub act in which a performer lifts buckets of water with hooks attached to his eyelids.) Via repurposed material from Unknown Pleasures, we are introduced to Qiao Qiao (Zhao Tao, Jia’s longtime on-screen muse and off-screen spouse), a model whose opportunities in Datong mostly consist of department-store fashion shows and tacky promotions for the local liquor factory. Her boyfriend-slash-manager, Bin (Li Zhubin), leaves to seek his fortune elsewhere, promising to return for her soon. 

That this promise is delivered via SMS seems, at a cursory glance, like one of Jia’s wry commentaries on the decline of communication, though in fact it’s part of a striking conceit necessitated by the film’s cut-up origins. At least as far as the story is concerned, Caught By The Tides is basically a silent film, the beats of its minimalist plot conveyed largely through looks and gestures, filled in with occasional text messages or on-screen intertitles. For the film-theory-minded, it has the makings of an academic goldmine, rich in illustrative examples of the classic Kuleshov effect and all kinds of potentially interesting questions about how we read narrative, performance, and varying layers of artistic intent.

In simplest terms, it all comes down to context—but which one? Bin’s departure and promised return sets up the second, longer part of the film, which is drawn largely from Still Life, and finds Qiao Qiao leaving Datong in the mid-2000s to try and track down Bin, who has become involved in various shady dealings around the Three Gorges Dam project. This in turn leads to the third section (the only one made up of recently filmed footage), in which a noticeably aged Bin returns to Datong in the post-pandemic near-present—a gray old man with a cane in a world of public masking, QR codes, and TikTok. 

For American viewers, an appreciation for the full scope of Jia’s films has always required some context—at the very least, a baseline familiarity with their social and regional backdrops. Appreciating Caught By The Tides as a creative accomplishment, in turn, requires a bit of behind-the-scenes background information and at least some familiarity with Jia’s body of work. All of which is, admittedly, daunting for a newcomer. But it’s a credit to Jia’s considerable filmmaking gifts and vision that the emotional coherence of the film—in the end, its poignancy—is entirely internal, made up of the unlikely connections it forms within itself. 

A scene around the middle in which Qiao Qiao watches snippets from a corny American sci-fi movie about androids “who don’t feel sadness” seems like a goofy detour, but finds a touching echo in a much later sequence in which an older Qiao Qiao encounters a supermarket robot that spouts inspirational quotations, which also recalls an earlier run-in with a fortune-teller, as well as Qiao Qiao’s own younger days as a department-store model. Balanced between lyricism and satire, it’s a moment that speaks to Jia’s considerable gifts as a filmmaker while encapsulating the ways in which time can accumulate and assign unlikely meanings—to a disappointment, a wordless look, a gesture, a sentimental song, or a piece of futuristic plastic kitsch.

Director: Jia Zhangke
Writer: Wan Jiahuan, Jia Zhangke
Starring: Zhao Tao, Li Zhubin, Pan Jianlin, Zhou Lan, Lan Zhou, Zhou You, Renke
Release Date: May 9, 2025

 
Join the discussion...